縫紉就是(shi)把(ba)衣片縫合成服裝的工藝(yi)。可分(fen)為(wei)手(shou)縫工藝(yi)、機縫工藝(yi)、特殊工藝(yi)等(deng)。

　　手縫工藝

　　采(cai)用(yong)手(shou)(shou)針(zhen)(zhen)進行縫(feng)制的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝。是中國的(de)(de)傳統(tong)手(shou)(shou)工(gong)(gong)技藝。很多針(zhen)(zhen)法及其(qi)作用(yong)尚(shang)不能用(yong)現代縫(feng)紉(ren)機替代。具(ju)有線跡精細(xi)、平(ping)整，針(zhen)(zhen)法豐富等特點，被譽為高檔工(gong)(gong)藝。　手(shou)(shou)縫(feng)工(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)主要工(gong)(gong)具(ju)是手(shou)(shou)縫(feng)針(zhen)(zhen)和頂針(zhen)(zhen)箍(gu)。絲綢等纖(xian)維較細(xi)的(de)(de)織(zhi)物(wu)宜用(yong)7～9號針(zhen)(zhen);鎖眼釘紐宜用(yong)4～5號針(zhen)(zhen)，一般毛料則用(yong)粗細(xi)適中的(de)(de)6～8號針(zhen)(zhen)。

　　機縫工藝

　　采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉(ren)機進(jin)行縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)制的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。具有(you)針(zhen)跡整齊、工(gong)(gong)(gong)效高等(deng)(deng)優點。常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)機縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝有(you)以下幾種(zhong)。①合(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(含兜縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng));將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)組(zu)合(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)暗縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)組(zu)合(he)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)袋蓋(gai)、衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)領(ling)、袖頭(tou)(tou)等(deng)(deng)三邊(bian)(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)翻轉部(bu)件。②包縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：以一(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)包住(zhu)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，再作第二或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)第三次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。有(you)明包，暗包之別。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)布(bu)服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)不鎖邊(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)。③咬(yao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：由上(shang)下層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)咬(yao)住(zhu)中間(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)，正面緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)明線(xian)(xian)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)袖頭(tou)(tou)、腰(yao)頭(tou)(tou)等(deng)(deng)。④騎縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)織(zhi)(zhi)物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)銜(xian)接(不疊(die)起)，在銜(xian)接處緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)W狀線(xian)(xian)跡，使兩(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)布(bu)互相牽牢。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)高檔服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)襯布(bu)拼接和收顙(sang)。⑤平(ping)接縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)織(zhi)(zhi)物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)拼接，互為銜(xian)接補充。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)接長衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)部(bu)件等(deng)(deng)。⑥平(ping)疊(die)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)織(zhi)(zhi)物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)重疊(die)，居中縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)襯布(bu)拼接和收顙(sang)等(deng)(deng)。⑦來去縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)疊(die)合(he)，先(xian)沿(yan)(yan)毛(mao)口(kou)(kou)(kou)正面緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)狹縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(3cm)再在反面緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)闊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(約(yue)7cm)。多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)單(dan)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)。⑧分(fen)(fen)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)疊(die)合(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)分(fen)(fen)開，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)各緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)道明線(xian)(xian)。常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)不易折轉的(de)(de)(de)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)料(如皮革(ge))或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)線(xian)(xian)跡裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)等(deng)(deng)。⑨坐(zuo)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)傾倒(dao)，正面作第二次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作固定縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)線(xian)(xian)跡裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)。⑩分(fen)(fen)坐(zuo)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)先(xian)合(he)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)傾倒(dao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)分(fen)(fen)開，在分(fen)(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)上(shang)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)道明線(xian)(xian)。服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)中多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)布(bu)服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)前袖縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、褲襠縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、后縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)等(deng)(deng)。壓(ya)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(悶緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng))：上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)折光，覆蓋(gai)下層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成型。多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)前后過(guo)肩或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)呈(cheng)圓弧型、尖角型等(deng)(deng)部(bu)件的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)接。漏落縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：明緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)漏落于(yu)(yu)分(fen)(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)槽內(nei)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)緊挨坐(zuo)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)沿(yan)(yan)，既(ji)能使線(xian)(xian)跡暗藏，又能固定下層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)。常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)腰(yao)頭(tou)(tou)、里襟等(deng)(deng)。卷邊(bian)(bian)(bian)：用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)卷邊(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)腳或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)指將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)毛(mao)口(kou)(kou)(kou)卷光。常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)單(dan)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)里的(de)(de)(de)下口(kou)(kou)(kou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)。倒(dao)回針(zhen)：在原線(xian)(xian)跡上(shang)往返縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)始末加固，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)封口(kou)(kou)(kou)，叉(cha)封口(kou)(kou)(kou)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)帶襻等(deng)(deng)。

　　現代(dai)服裝(zhuang)加工的(de)主(zhu)要機(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)設備(bei)，除高速平縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉機(ji)(ji)(簡稱(cheng)平縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji))外(wai)，還有多(duo)針多(duo)線包縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉機(ji)(ji)(簡稱(cheng)包縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji))以及取(qu)代(dai)手工的(de)開袋、鎖眼、釘扣、扎駁(bo)、復襯(衣面(mian)與衣襯組合)、裝(zhuang)袖、裝(zhuang)褲(ku)腰、打(da)褶等各種專用(yong)單機(ji)(ji)，并有多(duo)功能自(zi)動(dong)(dong)調速固體電路(lu)電子縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉機(ji)(ji)問(wen)世。20世紀(ji)80年代(dai)，較先進的(de)機(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)設備(bei)是(shi)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉系統，采用(yong)工業攝像機(ji)(ji)和電子計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)監控(kong)，能自(zi)動(dong)(dong)識別裁(cai)片的(de)樣式，傳送并進行自(zi)動(dong)(dong)分類(lei)控(kong)制(zhi)。